A liver hemangioma, medically referred to as hepatic hemangioma, is a prevalent non-cancerous vascular lesion or tumor that typically develops within the liver. These lesions are frequently encountered in medical practice and are usually discovered incidentally during various medical imaging studies, such as ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) scans, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Importantly, these imaging procedures are often conducted for entirely unrelated medical reasons.

One distinctive feature of liver hemangiomas is their tendency to remain asymptomatic, which means they do not typically cause noticeable symptoms or health problems in individuals who have them. As a result, many people may go about their lives without any awareness of the presence of these benign liver masses. 

• Appearance: Liver hemangiomas are composed of a cluster of blood vessels. They can vary in size, ranging from small, less than an inch in diameter, to quite large, several inches across. These lesions are typically well-defined and appear as dark, round or oval masses within the liver tissue.
• Blood Vessel Origin: Liver hemangiomas originate from the liver’s blood vessels, particularly the hepatic artery. They consist of a tangle of blood vessels with thin walls and are filled with blood. These vessels are often dilated and may not function normally.
• Symptoms (if Present): While most liver hemangiomas are asymptomatic, some individuals with larger hemangiomas may experience discomfort or pain in the upper right abdomen. In extremely rare cases, particularly if the hemangioma ruptures or causes complications, more severe symptoms such as bleeding or liver dysfunction can occur.
• Diagnosis: Diagnosis of liver hemangioma is typically made through imaging studies, as the lesions have characteristic features on imaging. These features include a well-defined outline and a pattern known as “flash-filling,” where the contrast material rapidly fills the lesion during imaging tests.
• Natural History: Liver hemangiomas are generally stable lesions and tend not to grow significantly over time. They do not carry a risk of becoming cancerous (malignant) and are not associated with a higher risk of liver cancer.
• Treatment: In most cases, liver hemangiomas do not require treatment, especially if they are small, asymptomatic, and stable. However, if a hemangioma is causing symptoms, growing rapidly, or causing complications, treatment options such as surgical removal or minimally invasive procedures may be considered.